Cross Linguistic Semantics Studies in Language Companion Series 1st Edition by Cliff Goddard ISBN 9027291373 9789027291370

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ISBN 10: 9027291373

ISBN 13: 9789027291370 

Author: Cliff Goddard 

Cross-linguistic semantics – investigating how languages package and express meanings differently – is central to the linguistic quest to understand the nature of human language. This set of studies explores and demonstrates cross-linguistic semantics as practised in the natural semantic metalanguage (NSM) framework, originated by Anna Wierzbicka. The opening chapters give a state-of-the-art overview of the NSM model, propose several theoretical innovations and advance a number of original analyses in connection with names and naming, clefts and other specificational sentences, and discourse anaphora. Subsequent chapters describe and analyse diverse phenomena in ten languages from multiple families, geographical locations, and cultural settings around the globe. Three substantial studies document how the metalanguage of NSM semantic primes can be realised in languages of widely differing types: Amharic (Ethiopia), Korean, and East Cree. Each constitutes a lexicogrammatical portrait in miniature of the language concerned. Other chapters probe topics such as inalienable possession in Koromu (Papua New Guinea), epistemic verbs in Swedish, hyperpolysemy in Bunuba (Australia), the expression of “momentariness” in Berber, ethnogeometry in Makasai (East Timor), value concepts in Russian, and “virtuous emotions” in Japanese. This book will be valuable for linguists working on language description, lexical semantics, or the semantics of grammar, for advanced students of linguistics, and for others interested in language universals and language diversity.

Table of contents:

Part I: The Natural Semantic Metalanguage Theory
Chapter 1: Natural Semantic Metalanguage: The State of the Art
Chapter 2: New Semantic Primes and New Syntactic Frames: “Specificational BE” and “Abstract THIS/IT”
Chapter 3: Towards a Systematic Table of Semantic Elements

Part II: Whole Metalanguage Studies
Chapter 4: Semantic Primes in Amharic
Chapter 5: The Natural Semantic Metalanguage of Korean
Chapter 6: Semantic Primes and Their Grammar in a Polysynthetic Language: East Cree

Part III: Problems in Semantic Metalanguage
Chapter 7: Hyperpolysemy in Bunuba, a Polysynthetic Language of the Kimberley, Western Australia
Chapter 8: Re-thinking THINK in Contrastive Perspective: Swedish vs. English
Chapter 9: Identification and Syntax of Semantic Prime MOMENT in Tarifyt Berber

Part IV: Semantic Studies Across Languages
Chapter 10: The Ethnogeometry of Makasai (East Timor)
Chapter 11: The Semantics of “Inalienable Possession” in Koromu (PNG)
Chapter 12: Tolerance: New and Traditional Values in Russian in Comparison with English
Chapter 13: Two “Virtuous Emotions” in Japanese: Nasake/joo and Jihi

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Tags: Cliff Goddard, Cross Linguistic Semantics, Studies, Language, Companion Series