When The World Spoke French 1st Edition by Marc Fumaroli, Richard Howard ISBN 1590173759 9781590173756

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Product details:

ISBN 10: 1590173759

ISBN 13: 9781590173756 

Author: Marc Fumaroli, Richard Howard 

A New York Review Books Original

During the eighteenth century, from the death of Louis XIV until the Revolution, French culture set the standard for all of Europe. In Sweden, Austria, Italy, Spain, England, Russia, and Germany, among kings and queens, diplomats, military leaders, writers, aristocrats, and artists, French was the universal language of politics and intellectual life. In When the World Spoke French, Marc Fumaroli presents a gallery of portraits of Europeans and Americans who conversed and corresponded in French, along with excerpts from their letters or other writings. 

  These men and women, despite their differences, were all irresistibly attracted to the ideal of human happiness inspired by the Enlightenment, whose capital was Paris and whose king was Voltaire. Whether they were in Paris or far away, speaking French connected them in spirit with all those who desired to emulate Parisian tastes, style of life, and social pleasures. Their stories are testaments to the appeal of that famous “sweetness of life” nourished by France and its language. 

Table of contents:

1. Paris at the Dawn of the Enlightenment: The Abbé Conti and the Comte de Caylus

2. A French Alcibiades and His English Plato: Anthony Hamilton and the Comte de Gramont

3. An English Cicero in the France of Louis XIV: Henry St. John, Viscount Bolingbroke

4. The French Achilles of the Hapsburgs: Eugene, Prince of Savoy-Carignan

5. Lelio and Marivaux

6. Louis XV’s Condottiere: Herman-Maurice of Saxony, Marshal of France

7. Frederick II and Voltaire

8. Frederica Sophia Wilhelmina, Margravine of Bayreuth, Sister of Frederick II

9. Francesco Algarotti and Frederick II

10. Charlotte-Sophie d’Aldenburg, Countess of Bentinck: “The Sévigné of Germany”

11. The Parisian Model Seen from London: Lord Chesterfield, His Son’s Tutor

12. The Marquise du Deffand: From Voltaire to Walpole

13. Catherine the Great: Voltaire’s Eminent Correspondent

14. Ekaterina Romanovna Vorontsova, Princess of Dashkova: A Russian Heroine at Home and Abroad

15. The Abbé Galiani: The Warmth of Naples and the Wit of Paris

16. Friedrich Melchior Grimm and the Strabismus of the Enlightenment

17. William Beckford: The Author of Vathek

18. Goya, the Marquesa de Santa Cruz, and William Beckford

19. Louis-Antoine Caraccioli and “French Europe”

20. Gustav III of Sweden: A Parisian from Stockholm

21. A Romance in “The Cyclops’s Maw”: Hans Axel von Fersen and the “Austrian Woman”

22. Benjamin Franklin, Frenchmen, and Frenchwomen

23. A United States Ambassador to the Rescue of Louis XVI: Gouveneur Morris

24. A Queen of England in Partibus: Louise Maximilienne Caroline von Stolberg-Gedern, Countess of Albany

25. Charles-Joseph de Ligne: The Last Homme d’Esprit

26. An Enlightenment Test Site: Poland and Its Last King, Stanislaw II Augustus Poniatowski

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Tags: Marc Fumaroli, Richard Howard, World, Spoke, French