A Revolution Down on the Farm The Transformation of American Agriculture since 1929 None 1st Edition by Paul Conkin ISBN 0813192420 978-0813192420
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ISBN 10: 0813192420
ISBN 13: 978-0813192420
Author: Paul Conkin
At a time when food is becoming increasingly scarce in many parts of the world and food prices are skyrocketing, no industry is more important than agriculture. Humans have been farming for thousands of years, and yet agriculture has undergone more fundamental changes in the past 80 years than in the previous several centuries. In 1900, 30 million American farmers tilled the soil or tended livestock; today there are fewer than 4.5 million farmers who feed a population four times larger than it was at the beginning of the century. Fifty years ago, the planet could not have sustained a population of 6.5 billion; now, commercial and industrial agriculture ensure that millions will not die from starvation. Farmers are able to feed an exponentially growing planet because the greatest industrial revolution in history has occurred in agriculture since 1929, with U.S. farmers leading the way. Productivity on American farms has increased tenfold, even as most small farmers and tenants have been forced to find other work. Today, only 300,000 farms produce approximately ninety percent of the total output, and overproduction, largely subsidized by government programs and policies, has become the hallmark of modern agriculture. A Revolution Down on the Farm: The Transformation of American Agriculture since 1929 charts the profound changes in farming that have occurred during author Paul K. Conkin’s lifetime. His personal experiences growing up on a small Tennessee farm complement compelling statistical data as he explores America’s vast agricultural transformation and considers its social, political, and economic consequences. He examines the history of American agriculture, showing how New Deal innovations evolved into convoluted commodity programs following World War II. Conkin assesses the skills, new technologies, and government policies that helped transform farming in America and suggests how new legislation might affect farming in decades to come. Although the increased production and mechanization of farming has been an economic success story for Americans, the costs are becoming increasingly apparent. Small farmers are put out of business when they cannot compete with giant, non-diversified corporate farms. Caged chickens and hogs in factory-like facilities or confined dairy cattle require massive amounts of chemicals and hormones ultimately ingested by consumers. Fertilizers, new organic chemicals, manure disposal, and genetically modified seeds have introduced environmental problems that are still being discovered. A Revolution Down on the Farm concludes with an evaluation of farming in the twenty-first century and a distinctive meditation on alternatives to our present large scale, mechanized, subsidized, and fossil fuel and chemically dependent system.
A Revolution Down on the Farm The Transformation of American Agriculture since 1929 None 1st Table of contents:
1. American Agriculture before 1930
Commercial Origins
Tilling and Preparing the Soil
Tools for Planting and Cultivating
Tools of Harvest
The Tractor
Research, Education, and Extension
Credit and Marketing
2. The Traditional Family Farm: A Personal Account
Profile of a Farming Village
Home Provenance
Household Patterns
3. A New Deal for Agriculture, 1930-1938
First Fruits: Hoover’s Farm Board
Maturing a New Farm Program
The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933
Other New Deal Farm Programs
Soil Conservation and the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938
4. World War II and Its Aftermath: A Family Report
Wartime Changes in My Village
Postwar Transformations
Successful Farming in Pennsylvania
5. Dimensions of an Agricultural Revolution
The Great New Machines
Electrification
Chemical Inputs
Plant and Animal Breeding
6. Surpluses and Payments: Federal Agricultural Policy, 1954-2008
Production Controls and Price Supports
Farm Policy in the Truman and Eisenhower Administrations
Managing Surpluses during a Productivity Revolution
The Farm Crisis of the 1980s
International Agreements and the Federal Agricultural Improvement and Reform Act
The 2002 Farm Bill and Beyond
Noncommodity Programs
7. Farming in the Twenty-first Century: Status and Challenges
Profile of Contemporary Farms
Farm Labor
Farm Income
Critics and Criticisms
Agriculture and the Environment
8. Alternatives
Lonely Farmers
Alternatives in Land Tenure
Agrarian Reform
Alternative or Sustainable Agriculture
Federal Support of Sustainable Agriculture
Certified Organic Farming
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