Fighting for Our Place in the Sun Malcolm X and the Radicalization of the Black Student Movement 1960 1973 1st Edition by Richard Benson IBSN 1433117703 9781433117701

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ISBN 10: 1433117703 
ISBN 13: 9781433117701
Author: Richard Benson

In Fighting for Our Place in the Sun, Richard D. Benson II examines the life of Malcolm X as not only a radical political figure, but also as a teacher and mentor. The book illuminates the untold tenets of Malcolm X’s educational philosophy, and also traces a historical trajectory of Black activists that sought to create spaces of liberation and learning that are free from cultural and racial oppression. It explains a side of the Black student movement and shift in black power that develops as a result of the student protests in North Carolina and Duke University. From these acts of radicalism, Malcolm X Liberation University (MXLU), the Student Organization for Black Unity (SOBU/YOBU), and African Liberation Day (ALD) were produced to serve as catalysts to extend the tradition of Black activism in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Scholars, researchers, community organizers, and students of African-American studies, American studies, history of education, political science, Pan-African studies, and more will benefit from this provocative and enlightening text.

Fighting for Our Place in the Sun Malcolm X and the Radicalization of the Black Student Movement 1960 1973 1st Table of contents:

1 Malcolm X and/as Social Pedagogy: A Critical Historical Analysis
A Malcolm X Philosophy of Education: A Critically Interpretive Historical Methodology
Minister Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam (NOI): Organizational Growth and Educational Structure
Malcolm X: Scholar and Educational Philosophy
Malcolm X’s Educational Philosophy: The Importance of History
Malcolm X’s Philosophy of Education: Personal Appeal
Malcolm X: An Expansive Educational Philosophy
Malcolm X: Education as a “Call to Work”: Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU)
Malcolm X and the Black Student Movement
Notes
2 Sowing the Wind to Reap a Whirlwind: Ideological Shifts and Radical Expressions in the Black Student Movement, 1963–1966
1964 ASM Conference on Black Nationalism
A Chance Meeting in Africa: Malcolm X and SNCC
The Black Student Movement and the Death of a Prophet
Solidifying a Change of Direction: The Black Student Movement, SNCC, and Black Power
Notes
3 Purges, Proscriptions, and New Directions: Black Student Protests and a Call for a Black University, 1966–1969
Black Student Protest and a Call for Black Studies
The Black Student Movement and Duke University
Duke University and Black Student Protest: The Allen Building Takeover
Leadership Dynamism: Introduction of Howard Fuller
Black Power in North Carolina: Establishing MXLU, SOBU, and the FCD Grant Controversy
Notes
4 Uhuru Na Kazi (Freedom and Hard Work)! The Historical Developments of Malcolm X Liberation University, 1969–1972
MXLU Planning Stages and Episcopalian Grant Controversy
MXLU: Opening Day Ceremonies
MXLU Operations, 1969–1970
MXLU Operations, 1970–1971
Pre-Text to an MXLU Ideological Shift: Owusu Sadaukai (Howard Fuller) Inside Mozambique
MXLU Operations, 1971–1972
MXLU Operations, 1971–1972: Palmer Memorial Institute Controversy
MXLU Operations, 1971–1972 Continued: In Preparation for ALD
Notes
5 Malcolm X Liberation University: Planning, Curriculum, Projects, and Institutional Objectives
Background: Historical Antecedents of Malcolm X Liberation University
The Structure of Malcolm X Liberation University
The Theoretical and Ideological Basis of Malcolm X Liberation University
MXLU’s Community Education and Teacher Training Programs
The Curriculum and Related Projects of Malcolm X Liberation University
Part A
History
The Development of Black Political Thought
African Languages and MXLU’s Floating Swahili Program
Cultural Expression
Speech
Analysis of the Colonized Mind
Physical Development
Part B
Biomedics
Communications Technology
MLXU Engineering Department and Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Construction Engineering
Agriculture
SOBU’s Pan-African Work Program and the Pan-African Skills Project (PASP)
Notes
6 Working for African Liberation with the Student Organization for Black Unity: Historical Developments, Programs, and Activity, 1969–1971
On the Road to Establishment: SOBU’s Interim Development Period
SOBU Operations, Programs, and Organizational Activity, 1970–1972
SOBU’s Organizational and Structural Development, 1970–1972
SOBU Training and Ideological Development, 1970–1972
SOBU Community Programs 1970–1972
SOBU Campus Programs, 1970–1972
SOBU Pan-African Affairs, 1970–1972
SOBU Informational Services, 1970–1972
Notes
7 A Movement of the People … African People: African Liberation Day, the Decline of MXLU, and Left Pan-Africanism of YOBU, 1972–1973
Preparing for African Liberation Day (ALD) 1972: SOBU and MXLU Activities
African Liberation Day 1972: “WE ARE AN AFRICAN PEOPLE!!!”
Riding the ALD Wave of Momentum: MXLU, SOBU, and the Founding of the African Liberation Support Committee (ALSC)
Establishing the African Liberation Support Committee (ALSC)
MXLU, YOBU, and ALSC Operations and Activity: University Decline and Ideological Shifts, 1972–1973
SOBU Becomes YOBU
MXLU and YOBU Activity, 1972–1973: Institutional Completion and New Directions
Reporting to the Motherland: ALD’s Response in Nigeria and Tanzania
Phasing Down Operations: MXLU’s Decline
The Struggle Continues: YOBU and the Save Black Schools Campaign
Expansion of a Mass Movement: African Liberation Day, 1973
The Closing of MXLU: Lessons Learned and New Directions

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