Groundwater in Fractured Rocks 1st Edition by Jirí Krásný, John Sharp 9781134122189 1134122187
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ISBN 10: 1134122187
ISBN 13: 9781134122189
Author: Jirí Krásný, John Sharp
The hydrogeologic environment of fractured rocks represents vital natural systems, examples of which occur on every continent. This book discusses key issues, methodologies and techniques in the hydrogeology of fractured rocks, summarizing recent progress and anticipating the outcome of future investigations. Forty-four revised and updated papers
Groundwater in Fractured Rocks 1st Table of contents:
Chapter 1: Hydrogeology of granite rocks in Sardinia
1 Introduction
2 Geological Outline
3 Methodology of Groundwater Investigations
4 Groundwater Occurrence
5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 2: Groundwater exploitation of fractured rocks in South America
1 Introduction
2 Fractured Aquifer Occurrence and Use in South America
3 Final Comments
References
Chapter 3: Groundwater and tectonics – semiarid Northeast of Brazil
1 Introduction
2 Geotectonics
3 Analysis of Factors/Variables
4 Crystalline Aquifer Sub-Systems / Hydrogeological Environments
5 Hydrodynamic Parameters
6 About Location Criteria
References
Chapter 4: Regional study of hard rock aquifers in Alentejo, South Portugal: methodology and results
1 Introduction
2 Geomorphology, Climatic Conditions and Infiltration Rates
3 Geology
4 Investigation Methodology
5 Results
Concluding Remarks
References
Chapter 5: Groundwater in volcanic hard rocks
1 Introduction
2 Volcanic Rocks: Genetic Aspects of Hydrogeological Relevance
3 Groundwater Flow in Volcanic Hard Rocks
4 Hydrogeological Importance of Volcanic Rock Arrangement
5 Groundwater Recharge in Volcanic Rocks
6 Specific Hydrogeochemical Issues
7 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 6: Regional transmissivity distribution and groundwater potential in hard rock of Ghana
1 Introduction
2 Hydrogeological Background
3 Method of Assessment
4 Data Analysis
5 Transmissivity Maps
6 Estimation of Yields
7 Results
8 Discussion
9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 7: Hydrogeology of hard rocks in some eastern and western African countries
1 Introduction
2 Hydrogeological Aspects and Drilling Results in Some African Countries
3 Liberia
4 Uganda
5 Somalia
6 Mauritania and Other African Countries
7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8: The fractured rocks in Hellas
1 Introduction
2 The Characteristics of the Geotectonic Zones
3 Case Studies
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 9: Determining a representative hydraulic conductivity of the Carnmenellis granite of Cornwall, UK, based on a range of sources of information
1 Introduction
2 Geology
3 Hydrology and Hydrogeology
4 Hydrogeological Information
5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 10: Estimating the change of fracture volume with depth at the Koralm Massif, Austria
1 Introduction
2 Location and Geologic Setting of Study Area
3 Methodology
4 Sampling and Pre-Processing
5 Borehole Analyses
6 Analyses and Interpretation
7 Discussion
8 Summary and Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Conceptual models, groundwater flow and resources in fractured rocks
Chapter 11: Fractured Old Red Sandstone aquifers of the Cork Harbour region: Groundwater barriers between adjacent karstic systems
1 Introduction
2 Regional Setting
3 Geology
4 Hydrogeology
5 The Fractured Aquifers
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 12: Non-Darcy two-phase flow in fractured rocks
1 Introduction
2 Extension of Darcy’s Law to Two-Phase Flow
3 Inertia Forces Not Negligible Compared to Viscous Forces
4 Coupling Effect
5 Inertial and Coupling Effects
6 Foamy-Oil Flow
7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 13: GIS based assessment of groundwater recharge in the fractured rocks of Namaqualand, South Africa
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Study Area
4 Previous Work
5 Methodology
6 Results
7 Comparison of a Number of Independent Approaches for Recharge Characterization and Estimation
8 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 14: The use of environmental isotopes to establish a hydrogeological conceptual model in a region with scarce data: the Table Mountain Group of South Africa as a case study
1 Introduction
2 General Description of the Region
3 The Development of the Hydrogeological Conceptual Model
4 Conclusions and Recommendations
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 15: Hard rock aquifers characterization prior to modelling at catchment scale: an application to India
1 Introduction
2 Geometry of the Weathering Profile
3 Hydrodynamic Properties of the Weathered-Fractured Layer
4 Groundwater Budget at Catchment Scale
5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 16: Estimating groundwater recharge in fractured bedrock aquifers in Ireland
1 Introduction
2 Landscape, Climate and Groundwater Occurrence
3 Groundwater Recharge Estimation
4 Soil Moisture Budget Approach
5 River Baseflow Analysis
6 Conclusions
References
Groundwater quality in fractured rocks
Chapter 17: Interpreting the evolution and stability of groundwaters in fractured rocks
1 Introduction
2 Stability of Groundwaters in Fractured Rocks
3 Geochemical Indicators of Hydrodynamic Stability
4 Illustrative Data from Fractured Rocks in Britain and Sweden
5 Concluding Summary
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 18: Universal controls on the evolution of groundwater chemistry in shallow crystalline rock aquifers: the evidence from empirical and theoretical studies
1 Introduction
2 Geological and Hydrogeological Setting
3 The 1996–97 Survey of Groundwater Chemistry in Crystalline Rock Aquifers
4 The Distribution of Hydrochemical Parameters in Crystalline Rock Groundwater
5 The Relationship Between Groundwater pH and Solute Concentrations
6 The Evolution of Groundwater Chemistry in Silicate Crystalline Rock Aquifers
7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 19: Factors influencing the microbiological quality of groundwater in Norwegian bedrock wells
1 Introduction
2 Data Collection and Methods
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 20: Evaluating mineral water quality trends of Pedras Salgadas (Portugal)
1 Introduction
2 Structural Geology of Vidago/Pedras Salgadas Region
3 Well Monitoring
4 Exploratory and Visualization Data Analysis
5 Trend Analysis
Conclusions
References
Chapter 21: Questions and answers about the evolution of CO2-rich thermomineral waters from Hercynian granitic rocks (N-Portugal): a review
1 Introduction
2 Geological Background
3 Field Investigations and Methods
4 Geochemical Model – Questions and Answers
5 Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 22: Origin of salinity in a fractured bedrock aquifer in the Central West Region of NSW, Australia
1 Introduction
2 Hydrogeology
3 Hydrochemical Categorisation of Deep Groundwaters
4 Origin of Na(Mg)-Cl-Rich Groundwaters
5 Geochemical Evolution of Na(Mg)-Cl-Rich Groundwaters
6 87Sr/86Sr Isotopic Evidence for the Origin of Salinity
7 Conclusions
References
Chapter 23: Isotope studies of a groundwater-flow system in granite, Middle Hungary
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Geological Background
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 24: Structure conditional thermal springs in Central Brazil
1 Introduction
2 Localization and Climate
3 General Geology
4 Geology of Tocantins Springs
5 Structures of Tocantins Springs
6 Hydrogeology of the Tocantins Springs
7 Geology of Serra de Caldas Dome
8 Structures of Serra de Caldas Dome
9 Quartzite Karstification
10 Hydrogeology of The SCD
11 Hydraulics of SCD
12 Hydrochemistry
13 Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
Investigation and interpretation methods in fractured environment
Chapter 25: Characterization of fractured porous media: Aquifer Analogue Approach
1 Introduction
2 Aquifer Analogue Approach
3 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 26: Application of the oriented core drilling/sampling method to an environmental site investigation
1 Introduction
2 Site Background
3 Oriented Coring Methods and Procedures
4 Oriented Core Analysis
5 Investigation Results
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 27: Probabilistic delineation of groundwater protection zones in fractured-rock aquifers
1 Introduction
2 Overview of the Statistical Continuum Method
3 Delineating Protection Zones with the Statistical Continuum Method
4 Upscaling to the Catchment Scale Continuum Domain
5 Delineation of Groundwater Capture Zones
6 Probability Contours of Groundwater Protection Zones
7 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 28: Interconnected flow measurement between boreholes using a borehole flowmeter
1 Introduction
2 The Site
3 The Flowmeter
4 Boreholes in the Interference Test
5 Measurements in the Interference Test
6 Observed Fracturing and Transmissivity
7 Responses in the Interference Test
8 Approach to the Analysis
9 Discussion on the Preliminary Results
10 Outlook
References
Chapter 29: Characterizing flow in natural fracture networks: comparison of the discrete and continuous descriptions
1 Introduction
2 Case Study: The Ploemeur Aquifer
3 Discrete Description
4 Continuous Description
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 30: New analysis of pump tests in fractured aquifers
1 Introduction
2 The Models
3 Models Features
4 Examples of Application
5 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 31: Estimating groundwater flow rates in fractured metasediments: Clare Valley, South Australia
1 Introduction
2 Study Site
3 Estimates of Flow Rates
4 Regional Estimates of Groundwater Flow
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 32: Fracture networks in Jurassic carbonate rock of the Algarve Basin (South Portugal): Implications for aquifer behaviour related to the recent stress field
1 Introduction
2 Geologic Setting
3 Methods
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Anthropogenic impacts on fractured environment
Chapter 33: Using specific capacity to assign vulnerability to diffuse pollution in fractured aquifers in Scotland
1 Introduction
2 Method
3 Data
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 34: Environmental impacts of tunnels in fractured crystalline rocks of the Central Alps
1 Introduction
2 Key Hydrogeological Properties of the Study Area
3 Impacts of Deep Tunnels on Regional Groundwater Flow Systems
4 Impacts of Shallow Tunnels on Surface Springs and Wetlands
5 Impacts of Draining Tunnels on Surface Settlements
6 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 35: Groundwater modelling approaches as planning tools for WISMUT’s remediation activities at the Ronneburg uranium mining site
1 Introduction, Geology and Mining Activities
2 Initial Stage of Mine Remediation in 1991, Hydrogeological Keynote Aspects and Model Investigation Strategy
3 Hydrogeological Investigations Before and During the Flooding Measure
4 Development and Calibration of Numerical Modelling
5 Prognostic Investigations and Results
6 Discussion and Preview
References
Chapter 36: Active groundwater monitoring and remediation during tunneling through fractured bedrock under urban areas
1 Introduction
2 Site Investigation
3 Vulnerability Study and Acceptance Criteria
4 Hydrogeological Mapping and Modeling
5 Monitoring System
6 Tunnel Construction and Remediation Strategy
7 Results from Active Groundwater Monitoring
8 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Numerical modelling of fractured environment
Chapter 37: A double continuum approach for determining contaminant transport in fractured porous media
1 Introduction
2 DP-MODFLOW – Flow Model
3 DP-MT3D – Transport Model
4 Application
5 Result Analysis
6 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 38: Coupled hydro-mechanical modelling of flow in fractured rock
1 Introduction
2 Discrete Fracture Network-Analysis
3 Hydraulic Analysis
4 Hydro-Mechanical Analysis
5 Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 39: Hydrogeologic modelling with regard to site selection for an underground repository in a granite formation in Krasnojarsk, Russia
1 Introduction
2 Studied Area
3 Model Set-Up and Simulation Results
4 Conclusions
5 Future Prospects
References
Chapter 40: Development and qualification of a smeared fracture modelling approach for transfers in fractured media
1 Introduction
2 Development of the Smeared Fracture Approach for the MHFE Scheme
3 Qualification Strategy
4 Flow (Limited to Fracture Network)
5 Transport in a Single Fracture System
6 Transport in a Single Fracture Including Diffusion in Matrix Blocks
7 Transport in the Four Fractures System without Matrix Diffusion
8 Transport in the Four Fracture System Including Matrix Diffusion
9 2D System from a Block at Äspö
10 Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Chapter 41: Sensitivity of fracture skin properties on solute transport and back diffusion in fractured media
1 Introduction
2 Analytical Model
3 Sensitivity Analysis
4 Granite Transport Properties
5 Summary
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 42: Averaging hydraulic conductivity in heterogeneous fractures and layered aquifers
1 Introduction
2 Two Layer Heterogeneous System
3 Flow Averaging
4 Examples
5 Discussion
6 Conclusions
7 Variable Definitions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 43: Time-resolved 3D characterisation of flow and dissolution patterns in a single rough-walled fracture
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Procedure
3 Results
4 Discussion
5 Concluding Remarks
Acknowledgments
References
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Groundwater,Fractured Rocks,Jirí Krásný,John Sharp