Protecting the Ozone Layer 1st Edition by Edward Parson 9780190288716 019028871X

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ISBN 10: 019028871X
ISBN 13: 9780190288716
Author: Edward Parson

This book is the first comprehensive history of international efforts to protect the ozone layer, the greatest success yet achieved in managing human impacts on the global environment. Its arguments about how this success was achieved are both theoretically novel and of great significance for the management of other global problems, particularly global climate change. The book provides an account of the ozone-depletion issues from the first attempts to develop international action in the 1970s to the mature functioning of the present international regime. It examines the parallel developments of politics and negotiations, scientific understanding and controversy, technological progress, and industry strategy that shaped the issue’s development and its effective management. In addition, the book offers important new insights into how the interactions among these domains influenced the formation and adaptation of the ozone regime. Addressing the initial formation of the regime, the book argues that authoritative scientific assessments were crucial in constraining policy debates and shaping negotiated agreements. Assessments gave scientific claims an ability to change policy actors’ behavior that the claims themselves, however well known and verified, lacked. Concerning subsequent adaptation of the regime, the book identifies a series of feedbacks between the periodic revision of chemical controls and the strategic responses of affected industries, which drove rapid application of new approaches to reduce ozone-depleting chemicals. These feedbacks, promoted by the regime’s novel technology assessment process, allowed worldwide use of the chemicals to decline further and faster than even the boldest predictions, by nearly 95 percent within ten years.

Protecting the Ozone Layer 1st Table of contents:

1. Stratospheric Ozone and Its Protection: Introduction and Background
1.1 Protecting the Ozone Layer
1.2 Goals, Context, and Contributions of the Book
1.3 The Major Arguments in Brief
1.4 Plan of the Book

2. Early Stratospheric Science, Chlorofluorocarbons, and the Emergence of Environmental Concern
2.1 Early Stratospheric Science
2.2 The Chlorofluorocarbons and Their Atmospheric Impacts
2.3 Early Environmental Concerns about Chlorofluorocarbons

3. Setting the Stage: National Action and Early International Efforts, 1970–1980
3.1 The Supersonic Transport Controversy and Its Legacy
3.2 The American “Ozone War,” 1974–1977
3.3 Aerosol Debates outside the United States and Early Efforts at International Cooperation
3.4 Industry’s Initial Research into Chlorofluorocarbon Alternatives
3.5 The Attempt to Enact Comprehensive U.S. Chlorofluorocarbon Controls, 1977–1980
3.6 The Early Ozone Debates: Explanation and Significance

4. The Search for Knowledge-Based Resolution: Science and Scientific Assessment, 1976–1985
4.1 Stratospheric Science, 1976–1985
4.2 The Efforts of Ozone Depletion
4.3 Science for Policy: Scientific Assessments of Stratospheric Ozone, 1976–1985
4.4 The Policy Influence of Science and Assessment

5. Negotiations and Strategy

5.1 Early Maneuvers and the Establishment of Negotiations, 1980–1982

5.2 International Negotiations to the Vienna Convention, 1982–1985

5.3 International Workshops and U.S. Domestic Initiatives, 1986

5.4 Protocol Negotiations, 1986–1987

5.5 The Negotiation of the Montreal Protocol: Explanation and Significance

6 Eliminating Chlorofluorocarbons: Science, Assessment, and Responses, 1986–1988

6.1 The Cause of the Ozone Hole

6.2 Declines in Global Ozone

6.3 Eliminate Chlorofluorocarbons?

6.4 Projecting Future Stratospheric Change: Halogen Loading versus Ozone Depletion

6.5 Post-Protocol Planning, Establishment of Assessment Panels

6.6 Moving the Debate to Full Phaseouts: Explanation and Significance

7 Industry Strategy and Technical Innovation, 1987–1992

7.1 Chlorofluorocarbon Markets after the Protocol

7.2 The Pursuit of Chemical Substitutes

7.3 Mobilization of Chlorofluorocarbon User Industries: The Engine of Innovation

7.4 Regime Formation and Industry Strategy

8 Building an Adaptive Regime: The Protocol Evolving, 1989–1999

8.1 Negotiating the First Protocol Revision, 1989–1990

8.2 Second Round of Protocol Revision, 1991–1992

8.3 Third Round of Protocol Revision, 1992–1995

8.4 Further Assessment and Review of Decisions, 1995–1999

8.5 Progress and Status of the Ozone Regime

9 The Theoretical and Practical Significance of the Ozone Regime

9.1 The Ozone Regime and Its Explanatory Challenges

9.2 Breaking the Deadlock: Explaining the Transition to Regime Formation

9.3 Sustaining Deadlock, Sustaining Progress: The Need for Dynamic Explanations

9.4 Technological Change, Technology Assessment, and the Ozone Regime

9.5 The Policy Influence of Scientific Knowledge and Assessment

9.6 Practical Implications: Lessons for Management of Other Issues

9.7 The Challenge of Adaptive Management

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Tags: Protecting, Ozone Layer, Edward Parson