Smart and Sustainable Power Systems Operations Planning and Economics of Insular Electricity Grids 1st Edition by João P S Catalão ISBN 149871212 978-1498712125

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Product details: 

ISBN 10: 149871212 

ISBN 13: 978-1498712125

Author: João P S Catalão

The smart grid initiative, integrating advanced sensing technologies, intelligent control methods, and bi-directional communications into the contemporary electricity grid, offers excellent opportunities for energy efficiency improvements and better integration of distributed generation, coexisting with centralized generation units within an active network. A large share of the installed capacity for recent renewable energy sources already comprises insular electricity grids, since the latter are preferable due to their high potential for renewables.

However, the increasing share of renewables in the power generation mix of insular power systems presents a significant challenge to efficient management of the insular distribution networks, mainly due to the variability and uncertainty of renewable generation. More than other electricity grids, insular electricity grids require the incorporation of sustainable resources and the maximization of the integration of local resources, as well as specific solutions to cope with the inherent characteristics of renewable generation. Insular power systems need a new generation of methodologies and tools to face the new paradigm of large-scale renewable integration.

Smart and Sustainable Power Systems: Operations, Planning, and Economics of Insular Electricity Grids discusses the modeling, simulation, and optimization of insular power systems to address the effects of large-scale integration of renewables and demand-side management. This practical book:

• Describes insular power systems, renewable energies, uncertainty, variability, reserves, and demand response
• Examines state-of-the-art forecasting techniques, power flow calculations, and scheduling models
• Covers probabilistic and stochastic approaches, scenario generation, and short-term operation
• Includes comprehensive testing and validation of the mathematical models using real-world data
• Explores electric price signals, competitive operation of distribution networks, and network expansion planning

Smart and Sustainable Power Systems: Operations, Planning, and Economics of Insular Electricity Grids provides a valuable resource for the design of efficient methodologies, tools, and solutions for the development of a truly sustainable and smart grid.

Table of contents: 

1. Overview of Insular Power Systems: Challenges and Opportunities

Insular power systems (typically on islands or isolated regions) face unique characteristics:

• Challenges:

  • Limited interconnection with mainland grids

  • High reliance on expensive fossil fuels

  • Difficulty integrating variable renewables

  • Small scale leads to high unit cost of electricity

  • Vulnerability to extreme weather and supply disruptions

• Opportunities:

  • High potential for renewable energy (e.g., solar, wind, tidal)

  • Testing grounds for advanced microgrid technologies

  • Energy independence and carbon reduction goals

  • Implementation of storage, demand response, and smart grids

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2. Forecasting Models and Tools for Load and Renewables Generation

Forecasting accuracy is essential in systems with high renewable energy penetration.

• Load forecasting tools:

  • Time series models (ARIMA, SARIMA)

  • Machine learning (LSTM, Random Forest, XGBoost)

  • Hybrid models combining weather and historical data

• Renewables generation forecasting:

  • Weather-dependent (solar irradiance, wind speed)

  • Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) + statistical correction

  • Probabilistic forecasting for uncertainty quantification

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3. Probabilistic Harmonic Power Flow Calculations with Uncertain and Correlated Data

• Traditional power flow models are deterministic; however, with high RES (Renewable Energy Sources), uncertainty becomes significant.

• Probabilistic Harmonic Power Flow (PHPF):

  • Considers nonlinear loads and harmonic distortion

  • Models uncertainty in generation and demand

  • Incorporates correlations (e.g., solar irradiance and temperature)

  • Methods: Monte Carlo simulation, Polynomial Chaos Expansion (PCE), Latin Hypercube Sampling

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4. Scheduling Models and Methods for Efficient and Reliable Operations

• Unit Commitment (UC) and Economic Dispatch (ED) are core to power system scheduling.

• Insular systems often require:

  • Stochastic or robust optimization models

  • Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) and heuristic/metaheuristic approaches (GA, PSO)

  • Integration of renewables, storage, and flexible loads

  • Real-time and day-ahead scheduling coordination

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5. Reserves and Demand Response Coping with Renewables Uncertainty

• Reserve management is critical to ensure reliability:

  • Spinning, non-spinning, and supplemental reserves

  • Dynamic reserve sizing based on renewable forecast error

• Demand Response (DR):

  • Enables load flexibility to balance generation variability

  • Types: price-based, incentive-based, direct load control

  • Aggregators and virtual power plants (VPPs) enhance DR utilization

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6. Electric Price Signals, Economic Operation, and Risk Analysis

• Price signals are vital for influencing consumption and investment behavior:

  • Time-of-use (TOU), real-time pricing (RTP), critical peak pricing (CPP)

• Economic operation in uncertain environments:

  • Risk-based optimization (e.g., CVaR – Conditional Value at Risk)

  • Multi-objective models balancing cost, emissions, reliability

• Market mechanisms may be absent or limited in insular systems, requiring centralized planning or regulatory incentives

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7. Renewable Generation and Distribution Grid Expansion Planning

• Planning challenges:

  • Weak or outdated grid infrastructure

  • Limited land and resources for large-scale projects

  • Difficulty modeling long-term uncertainty in demand and renewables

• Planning approaches:

  • Integrated resource planning (IRP)

  • Multi-stage stochastic programming

  • GIS-based spatial analysis for site selection

  • Coordination between generation and distribution network reinforcement

  • Inclusion of energy storage systems and electric vehicles (EVs)

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Tags: João P S Catalão, Smart and Sustainable, Power Systems