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ISBN 10: 0415401070
ISBN 13: 9780415401074
Author: Andrew Jotischky
The Crusades is an area of rapidly expanding interest. Students increasingly see an understanding of the roots of religious violence and of interaction between Christian and Islamic cultures as a critical tool for citizenship in the modern world. This is borne out by the large number of general books written on crusading, from ‘popular’ narrative histories to more academic analyses. Not even the best general survey, however, can afford the level of detailed argument based on careful analysis of evidence that can be presented in a more narrowly focused article or essay. This collection makes available a group of carefully selected articles which, taken together, develop themes and problematics in crusading history.
Articles include the papal reform movement, the development of a theory of holy war, the Reconquista in Spain, the theology of penance, pilgrimage and devotion to the Holy Land, the Seljuqs and the political dynamics of the Near East in the late 11th century, military and logistical technologies in crusading, the Islamic response under Nur ad-Din and Saladin and the fall of Jerusalem in 1187, the fall of the Ayyubid dynasty and the rise of the Mamluks, the emergence of the Mongols, the kingdom of Cyprus, the fall of the Crusader States 1260s-1291, crusading in the later Middle Ages, the treatment of indigenous peoples under western rule, the development of crusader visual culture in the east, church building, castles, settlement patterns and the economy of the crusader states.
Comprehensively indexed and with an introduction by the editor, a leading expert in the field, The Crusades is a key work of reference destined to be an essential research and teaching resource.
Table of contents:
Volume I: Contexts: The West and the Mediterranean World in the Eleventh Century
The Formation of the “Crusade” Idea
The Roots of Lay Enthusiasm for the First Crusade
The Historiography of the Crusades
The Reform Papacy and the Origin of the Crusades
The Peace and the Truce of God in the Eleventh Century
Reconquest and Crusade in Spain c. 1050–1150
Knowing the Enemy: Western Understanding of Islam at the Time of the Crusades
Byzantium 1081–1204: An Economic Reappraisal
Byzantium and the Papacy in the Eleventh Century
An Approach to Crusading Ethics
Gregory VII and the Soldiers of Christ
An Introduction to the First Crusade
Volume II: Crusading and the Crusader States, 1095–1197
The First Crusade
Pope Urban II’s Preaching of the First Crusade
Patronage and the Appeal of the First Crusade
The Clergy, the Poor and Non-Combatants on the First Crusade
Cross-Purposes: Alexius Comnenus and the First Crusade
Crusading Theory and Practice
Medieval Charters as a Source for the History of the Crusades
Crucesignatus: Its Origins and Early Usage
Were there any Crusades in the Twelfth Century?
Propaganda for War: The Dissemination of the Crusading Ideal in the Twelfth Century
The Idea of Crusading in the Charters of Early Crusaders, 1095–1102
Political Developments in the Crusader States, 1099–1187
Propaganda and Faction in the Kingdom of Jerusalem: The Background to Hattin
Dynastic Continuity or Dynastic Change? The Accession of Baldwin II and the Nobility of the Kingdom of Jerusalem
Latin Syria and the West, 1149–1187
The Military Orders and the Spanish Reconquest in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries
The Origins of the Order of the Temple
The Second Crusade
The Second Crusade as Seen by Contemporaries
The Conquest of Lisbon and its Author
St Bernard of Clairvaux, the Low Countries and the Lisbon Letter of the Second Crusade
Saladin and The Third Crusade
Deus Non Vult: A Critic of the Third Crusade
Saladin and His Admirers: A Biographical Reassessment
Richard Lionheart: Bad King, Bad Crusader?
The Early History of Saladin
Volume III: Crusading and the Crusader States, 1198–1336
Innocent III, the Fourth Crusade, and Frankish Greece
The Road to 1204: The Byzantine Background to the Fourth Crusade
Western Attitudes to Frankish Greece
“Serpent in the Dust, Sparrow on the Housetop”: Attitudes to Jerusalem and the Holy Land in the Circle of Innocent III
The Encounter of Two Societies: Western Conquerors and Byzantines in the Peloponnesus after the Fourth Crusade
Innocent III and the First Political Crusade: A Comment on the Limitations of Papal Power
Outside and Inside the Fourth Crusade
Innocent III and the Crusade
The Fourth Crusade: the Neglected Majority
Crusading and the Crusader States in the Thirteenth Century
The Crusades of 1239–41 and their Aftermath
The Crusade Against the Mongols (1241)
Changing Views of Crusade in the Thirteenth Century
The Children’s Crusade of 1212
The Negotium Terrae Sanctae in the Political Discourse of Latin Christendom, 1215–1311
The Later Crusades
Politics and Heresy in Italy: Anti-Heretical Crusaders, Orders and Confraternities, 1200–1500
Costing the Crusade: Budgeting for Crusading Activity in the Fourteenth Century
Crisis, Liturgy and the Crusade in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries
The Future Regnum Hierusalem: A Chapter in Medieval State Planning
Missionaries and Crusaders 1095–1274: Opponents or Allies?
The Crusade against Aragon
Philip VI and the Recovery of the Holy Land
The Pastoureaux of 1320
Volume IV: Crusading Cultures
Settlement and Society in the Crusader States
Fiefs and Vassals in the Kingdom of Jerusalem: from the Twelfth Century to the Thirteenth
The State of Research: Cyprus under the Lusignans and Venetians, 1991–1998
Three Generations of Frankish Castle-Building in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem
Ethnographic Attitudes in the Crusader States: The Franks and the Indigenous Orthodox People
Muslim Villagers of the Frankish Kingdom of Jerusalem: Some Demographic and Onomastic Data
Gerard of Nazareth, A Neglected Twelfth-Century Writer of the Latin East: A Contribution to the Cultural History of the Crusader States
On the Origins of the Earliest Laws of Frankish Jerusalem: The Canons of the Council of Nablus, 1120
Latins and Oriental Christians in the Frankish Levant, 1099–1291
Churches and Settlement in Crusader Palestine
Magna Mahumeria (al-Bira): The Archaeology of a Frankish New Town in Palestine
Government in Latin Syria and the Commercial Privileges of Foreign Merchants
The Survival in Latin Palestine of Muslim Administration
The Visual Culture of the Crusader States
Crusader Art in the Twelfth Century: Reflections on Christian Multiculturalism in the Levant
Art and Colonialism: The Mosaics of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem (1169) and the Problem of “Crusader” Art
Art in the Court of Lusignan Cyprus
Western Perspectives on Crusading
Nobility, Women and Historical Narratives of the Crusades and the Latin East
The Role of Women in the Crusade Movement: A Survey
Fact and Fiction in the English Crusading Tradition: the Earls of Warwick in the Twelfth Century
The Crusade of the Teutonic Knights Against Lithuania Reconsidered
The Teutonic Order and the Christianization of Lithuania
Crusades and Crusading Ideology in the Political History of Sweden, 1140–1500
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